Dr. Vum Son
Mungpi tawh ka ki ho leh, "Kawlte pen Zote sangin kal suan khat a masawn zawkna pen bang hang hiam?" hong ci hi.
Kawl leh Zo pen mipilte (Linguists, Anthropologists, Historians) in Tibeto-Burman minam-te sungah hong koih khawm uh hi. Tua pen thu dang hang hi lo, Kawl leh Zo pen a paute uh kinaai-in, a daan uh zong kinaai hi, ci hi. Tua bek tham lo-in hong paikhiatna pen kibang pian-a, tu laitak Sen (Chinese)-te ii uk Tibetan Plateau pan hong paikhiate hi, ci hi. Hun khat lai-in, Tibeto-Burman minamte pen mun khat-ah om khawm-in, pau namkhat zangh khawm dingin kingaih sun hi. Unau zong hi kha ngei ding hi, cih upna zong om hi.
Tua ahih leh bang hangin Kawlte pen masawnin om hiam cih, en ni. Zomite pen Kawlgamah Zeisu’ suah zawh khum zakhat, kumzanih (First or second century AD) sungah tu-a Chindwin gun kiang hong tung suk hi-in mipilte in mu uh hi. Kawlte pen kum zasagihzagiat zawh ciang (seventh to eighth century AD)-ah Kawlgam hong tung suk ding-in mipilte in mu hi. Tua hun-in pen Kawlte in Kawlgam sunga kum tampi a omsa Pyu mihingte tawh Kyaukse a cihna khawngah hong kimu uh hi.
Pyu te pen Kawlgam-ah sawtpi om ta ahih manin, Kawlgam zaangtamna-ah bangci lo kho cih na thei ta uh hi. (Wet cultivation buh ciin’na cih bang.) Mual leh uuam gam Tibet leh Salween, Mekong, Irrawaddy, Chindwin, Brahmaputra gunpi-te’ kipatna pan hong tuakkhia a hih hang Kawlte in Pyu-te’ pilna teng luah thei pah ahih ciang in, amau te kal khat a suan-in hong makai ta hi.
Tua bek hi lo-in, tu laitak-a Kawl galkapte gilo si e, i cih mah bangin, midang tawh a kipeh uh ciang gilo gawp-in Kawl te Kawlgam dry zone a tun’ khit sawt lo-in Pyu mihingte mangthang uh hi. Pawlkhat in tulaitak-a om Pao te pen Pyu-te hi-in, Kawlte a thuak lah hanga, mualtung-ah taito hi ci-in upna nei hi. Bangbangh hi leh Kawlte’ giitlohna hangin, Pyu-te bei manghi. Tua a hih kei leh Kawlte in zawhthawh thu tawh Kawlte suak hiam cih zong muan’mawhna om hi. Tua hang-in zong Kawlmi hong tam toto hi kha ding hi. Tua pen a ma suanna bulpi khat hi.
(Kawl te giitlohna pen Thailand-a Ayuthia kumpi khua a siat sakna, a bawlsiatna uh, Mon-te a khuapi Bago (Pegu) pan a mangthan’na uh, Arakan (Rakhaing) kumpi te a bawlsiatna uh, Assamte bang in, bangci-a hih bang-a gilo lawmlawm hiam, a cihna uh, Meitei (Manipur) kum sagih Kawlte ii uk hun pen Meiteite in seven years of devastation (kum sagih sung mi mon’sak na ) ci-in ciamteh-in, Kawlte pen i kidop kei leh mi gilo lamdangte hi cih theih-in ciapteh ding thupi hi.)
Zo mite pen tu laitak-a Monywa sak lam khawng teng-ah hong teeng to uh-a, tua-ah pen midang om lo ahih ciangin, mual sangpi Tibet plateau khawng, gun golpite’ kipat na mualsang tung-a a teen’ lai uh-a, lo khawhna teng zang gam hong tun’ uh ciang tua tengmah zangh uh ahih ciangin, khan’tohna na om khol lo uh hi. Zaanggam om zo hi napi, leisangna teng mah-ah lo kho nuam zaw-in Kawlgam sung hi ta leh Kawlgam sak lam mualtung (tu laitak-a i gam khawng-ah nuam na sa zaw mai uh ahihciangin, khangto lo-in i ngeina teng ngeina sak mawk uh hi.
Kawl te zaanggam ah om-in, mitam ta uh ahih ciangin, migilo, zuauthugen, leh mikheem pen tampi hong nei ta uh hi. Tua banga mihoihlote pen a kitheih ciangin, khuadangah paikhia-in mangthang thei hi. Tua hangin Kawlte in mi a theih ngeilo khat pen um thei nawn lo ahih manin, bangci-in hih leng mi kheem thei ding ka hiam, mi’ na te bangci-in, ngah thei ding ka hiam cih hakkat -na hong nei ahih uh ciang, mikheemna pen pilna golpi khat suaksak uh hi. Tua ahih ciangin Kawlte in mikehem hong siam-a, a mikheem theih ding mite hong mu thei uh. Tua pen Mangkangte pau (English)-in ci leeng Urban society, mitamna khuasungthu hong suak hi.
Zo mite pen khua neuneu sungah teengin, khua sungah kua teng teeng hiam, tua bek domlo in, beh leh phung vive ahih uh ciang, guta, zuauthu, mikheem cih te pen piangthei lo mai hi. Mun dangah taai ding ci leeng lah khua dangte zong a beh a phung vive na hi mai uh ahih ciangin, khuadang kibeel thei lo-in, mihoih lote mangthang thei lo-in, mihoihte bangin, a khua uh-ah a om kenkan uh kul mawk ahih ciang, Zo mite pen mikheem thei lo, thuman gente, i suak mawk. Tua pen English-in ci leeng Village Society ci-in, Zo mite’ village society hong suak hi.
Europe khawng, America khawng-ah i om ciangin, amau zongh Village Society na hi nwn lo-in Urban society na hi uh hi. Kidawm kei leeng hih mipil i cihte’ gam-ah, mi’ bawlsiat na i thuak ding lauhuai mahmah hi. Tua hangin zong Kawl mite in British-te Kawlgam-ah hong pai ciangin, kiho thei lo-in British-te’ colony (British-te’ sal) hong suahna uh zong tua hang hi. Asia sung-ah mipil deuhte Thai-te bang ci leeng, British-te tawh thu kiho thei ahih ciangin, British leh Francete in uk nuam taleh zong, uk zo lo-in, Thaite in, hoih takin, thukimna bawl thei hi. Kawlte pen Zo mite sang kal khat masuan ahih uh hang Thaite sang kal khat nung khak zaw leeuleeu cihna hi.
Tu laitak Kawlgam leh a kiangkap-a gamte en leeng, Kawlte pen mihai mahmah mihing ahih hun lam i mu hi.
Kawl i cih pen Sing Kho Khai laibu sungah zangtam mi te cihna hi ci-in at a hih manin Zo History ka at lai-in, ama’ at ka zui hi. Tu’n Bangladesh-ah ka pai ciang, Bangladesh-a Zo mite in Bengali-te Korka ci uh hi, hong ci hi. Kor or Kawr cih pen zadang neu cihna hi. Mualtung mi pen a zadang uh gol-in Bengalite a zadang uh neu cihna hi. Tua hang zongin, ei zong in "Kawl" ci-in a min uh pia kha i hi tam, ka ci hi.
[Hih lai, 11 MAY 05 WED ni-in kingah hi.]
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